Very bad segregation during this time. Blacks had no rights and were separated through where they walked, lived, worked, played sports, and went for medical help. The ANC was created to fight against the Apartheid. Nelson Mandela became the leader of this organization. The UN however, went against the ANC and commended the Apartheid system. Thus, the Sharpeville massacre happened in 1960 and the Soweto massacre. During the Sharpeville massacre Mandella was arrested and sentenced to life in prison. In the Soweto massacre black students who were educated in Afrikaans. This massacre ended with 575 deaths. The end of Apartheid was when the Prime minister Botha made reforms the blacks could marry who they pleased and mix in certain places.
India 1919-1991
India Before Independence
Muhammad Ali Jinnah & Muslim League, 1947-48
India and Pakistan (Bangladesh)
Benazir Bhutto
Amritsar, 1919
Mohandas Gandhi
Self Rule/ Salt March, 1930
Partition
Summary:
In the First world war 800,000 Indians were killed. In 1917 India wanted self government so in 1919 the government signed the Government of India Act. The 2 votes that make up India are the Hindu's and the Muslims. The Hindu population is significantly larger than the Muslim community. There is also a 3rd group called the Sikh. In 1918 the Rowlatt act was passed. Riots occurred after this act was signed in Amritsar. Amritsar is like Sharpville. In the riots 4 European killed (Whites). Mahatma ( Great sun ) He came from a wealthy family and was able to go to School. He becomes a lawyer, wants to do right to the people being miss treated. He finds himself in South Africa to defend the rights for India. Indians part of the middle class. Returns to India in 1915. In 1921 becomes the Authority of the INC (Indian National Congress). He believes that the problem is India. In India population is 400,000,000 Britain less than that. Civil Disobedience = The Salt Act. Ghandi believed that muslims and Hindus could work together.